ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Spine minimaly invasive technique through foraminal mirror is the method to treat lumbar disc herniation with minimal wound. This technique can be conducted under local anesthesia, and does not need to resect the smal joint or destroy the vertebral plate, and has smal damage to the spine. OBJECTIVE: To explore the short-period effects of transforaminal endoscopic spine system for adjacent-segment degenerative changes-caused low back pain after lumbar fixation and fusion. METHODS:A total of 31 patients with degenerative changes after posterior lumbar bone graft fusion fixation, who required secondary surgery, were enroled in this study, including 23 males and 8 females, at the age of 45-81 years old. The postoperative time was 1.1-5.7 years. There were 3 cases of L3-4 single segment, 15 cases of L4-5 single segment, 8 cases of L5S1 single segment, and 5 cases of multi-segment. These patients were treated with transforaminal endoscopic spine system, and folowed up for 6 months. Visual Analogue Scale score and lumbar function Japanese Orthopedic Association score were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lumbar and leg pain symptoms were relieved noticeably during the operation. The patient could walk immediately after the surgery, and the postoperative recovery was quite satisfactory. Visual Analogue Scale score was lower immediately, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with pre-treatment. Lumbar function Japanese Orthopedic Association score was higher immediately, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with pre-treatment. Results verify that transforaminal endoscopic spine system for degenerative changes after posterior lumbar bone graft fusion fixation has some advantages such as high safety, short operation time, less hemorrhage, less complications, rapid restoration and easily accepted by patients.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Ferula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen is composed of volatile oil, resin and gum that have the anti-inflammatory, anti-alergic, antispasmodic and analgesic effects. But its analgesic mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect ofFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen on heat pain, mechanical pain, Fos protein expression and astrocyte activation in spinal cord of rats with neuropathic pain. METHODS: Eighty adult Sprague-Dawley rat models of chronic sciatic nerve injury were randomly divided into five groups and then intragasticaly administeredFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen at low, moderate and high doses (0.075, 0.15, 0.30 g/kg), celecoxib or physiological saline. Heat pain and mechanical pain were measured at 1 day before operation and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14 days after operation. The spinal cord tissue at S4-5 segments was harvested and Fos protein expression and astrocyte activation in the spinal cord of rats were observed by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 1 and 5 days of medication, behavioral pain scores of rats in the low-, moderate-, and high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen groups were significantly higher than that in the physiological saline group (P < 0.01). The largest reduction in heat pain threshold was measured in the moderate-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen group compared to the other groups (P < 0.01). The most significant reduction in rat mechanical pain threshold was measured in the high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen group than in the other groups (P < 0.01). At each time point post-operation, the number of Fos protein-positive cels in the low-, moderate- and high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen and celecoxib groups was significantly lower than that in the physiological saline group (P < 0.05); the number of Fos protein-positive cels in the moderate- and high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M Shen groups was significantly higher than that in the celecoxib group (P< 0.05). At each time point post-operation, the number of astrocytes in the spinal cord tissue of rats in the high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen and celecoxib groups was significantly lower than that in the physiological saline group (P< 0.05). There was significant difference in the number of astrocytes between the moderate- and high-doseFerula sinkiangensis K.M shen groups and celecoxib group (P< 0.05). These results confirm thatFerula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen may effectively aleviate the neuropathic pain of rats, and the mechanism of which may be related to the activation of Fos protein and astrocytes in the spinal cord.
ABSTRACT
Through the study of allelopathy of the pericarp of Phellodendron amurense, the role of self-regeneration barriers was investigated in order to find ways and means for the protection of wild populations of P. amurense. Solution preparation: soaked pericarp of P. amurense in distilled water at 4 degrees C to get solution A, and reflux extraction of pericarp with distilled water at 100 degrees C to get solution B. Both of the solution A and solution B were used in the experiment of seed germination and seedling growth with the seeds of cabbage and wheat. The results showed that 20 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A and solution B inhibited significantly seed germination of cabbage and wheat, while 100 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A even completely inhibited the seed germination of wheat. 20 g x L(-1) concentration of solution A significantly inhibited the cabbage and wheat seedling growth, completely inhibited the root growth of cabbage, while 100 g x L(-1) concentrations of solution A completely inhibited seedling growth of cabbage and wheat. Comparing to solution A, the intensity of solution B are diminished on seed germination and seedling growth. It is concluded that the allelopathy of pericarp of P. amurense is multi-material role in the results, some of allelochemicals are easily degradable when exposed to heat. Overall, the allelopathy of pericarp of P. amurense can affect the seed germination and seedling growth. It is supposed that allelochemicals existed in the pericarp of P. amurense is one of the reason leading to difficulties in self-regeneration of its population.
Subject(s)
Brassica , Germination , Phellodendron , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Plant Roots , Seedlings , TriticumABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the procedure of seed quality testing and seed grading scale of Phellodendron amurense.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Seed quality testing methods were developed, which included the test of sampling, seed purity, weight per 1 000 seeds, seed moisture, seed viability and germination rate. The related data from 62 cases of seed specimens of P. amurense were analyzed by cluster analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>The seed quality test procedure was developed, and the seed quality grading scale was formulated.</p>